近30a青藏高原气候与冰川变化中的两种特殊现象   总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20       下载免费PDF全文

施雅风  刘时银  上官冬辉  李栋梁  叶柏生  沈永平 《气候变化研究进展》2006,2(4):154-160

近30 a全球强烈变暖,水循环加快,冰川也加剧退缩。青藏高原以其特殊的地理位置与下垫面,既对全球变暖有正常的反应,也出现了异常特殊现象。这种特殊现象已发现两处：1) 青藏高原北部偏西冰芯记录降温0.6℃,相应的冰川退缩微弱,融水径流降低;2) 青藏高原东南部以岗日嘎布山区为代表,出现较多的冰川前进,可能指示降水量有较大的增加。上述事实指示气候变化与冰川响应的复杂性。  相似文献   

天山南坡科契卡尔巴西冰川物质平衡初步研究   总被引：14，自引：7，他引：7  

张勇  刘时银  丁永建  李晶  上官冬辉 《冰川冻土》2006,28(4):477-484

基于2003—2005年考察期间观测的气温与降水资料,运用度日物质平衡模型模拟了天山南坡科契卡尔巴西冰川近期的物质平衡变化状况.结果表明:度日物质平衡模型模拟的冰川物质平衡值与实测值的变化趋势基本一致,模型模拟结果较为理想;2003/2004年度和2004/2005年度两个物质平衡年的平均物质平衡值分别为-494和-384 mm,平衡线高度(ELA)比20世纪70年升高了300 m左右.由此可见,在由暖干向暖湿转型的气候背景下,尽管降水增加显著,但强烈的升温导致科契卡尔巴西冰川处于强烈的物质亏损状态.  相似文献   

江苏区域格网加权平均温度线性模型研究     

王群  上官明  张志伟  胡伍生  于先文 《测绘科学》2021,46(3):110-116,175

针对建立区域加权平均温度线性模型的问题,该文提出了将ERA5再分析数据和无线探空数据结合的方法,利用线性回归方法建立单因子和多因子模型,实现对江苏及周边地区的加权平均温度建模。对于有探空站点分布的ERA5格网区域,利用探空数据对ERA5建立的线性Tm模型进行修正,对于无探空站分布的ERA5格网区域使用江苏及周边区域整体修正系数对Tm进行修正。根据2018年数据进行验证,结果表明,本文所建立的单因子模型精度与之相当甚至略优,建立双因子模型的精度提高最大可达10.52%,证明了利用ERA5再分析资料和无线电探空建立江苏区域Tm模型的适用性。  相似文献   

"5.12"震后区域地质灾害危险性评价研究——以青川、平武县为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛东剑  何政伟  陶舒  张东辉 《地球科学进展》2011,26(3):311-318

四川省"5.12"地震影响区,诱发了大童滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等地质灾害,给人民生命财产造成了重大损失.震后要相当长的余震期,加之降雨大,地质灾害还有进一步恶化的趋势.运用地面调查方法很难满足要求,尤其是很难满足时效性,结合研究区地质背景特征和多源遥感数据解译结果,确定地质灾害评价的指标体系,综合运用数学方法、GIS技术,...  相似文献   

目的地特殊自然灾害后游客的认知研究——以“5.12"汶川地震后的九寨沟为例     

李敏  张捷  董雪旺  钟士恩  蔡永寿  上官筱燕 《地理学报》2011,66(12):1695-1706

灾后理解旅游者是目的地减少灾害事件带来经济损失的基础工作.本研究着力于探究国内游客的风险认知、灾害对旅游影响的感知与满意度、忠诚度之间的关系,在“5.12”汶川地震发生约一周年后,以灾区中的世界自然遗产地九寨沟为案例地,对正在景区游览的572位国内游客进行问卷调查.通过结构方程模型分析证实:旅游者的风险认知水平越低,对...  相似文献   

基于中外五区比较的旅游劳工行业流动规律分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨钊  张捷  蔡永寿  上官筱燕  韩国圣 《地理研究》2011,30(3):447-462

以九寨沟为实证案例地,通过与我国九华山和国外匈牙利、英国萨默塞特和考文垂、加拿大温哥华岛的比较,探讨了不同背景下旅游劳工的行业流动模式、从业评价和驱动规律.研究发现:(1)旅游劳工转移产业分布十分宽广.国外商业、服务业占据了主导行业,衰落产业劳工占据1/10比例.我国农业、制造业占据主导行业,首次就业人群比例高,年轻女...  相似文献   

Geochemical Characteristics of Early Permian Pyroclastic Rocks in the Jimunai Basin,West Junggar,Xinjiang(NW China): Implications for Provenance and Tectonic Setting     

SHANGGUAN Yunfei  ZHUANG Xinguo  LI Baoqing  LI Jing  QUEROL Xavier  LIU Shunbin 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(3):794-809

During the Late Paleozoic, West Junggar(Xinjiang, NW China) experienced a shift in tectonic setting from compression to extension. Ha'erjiao is an important area for investigating collisional structures, post–collisional structures, and magmatic activities. Based on the petrological and geochemical characteristics of pyroclastic and other volcanic rocks in the Permian Kalagang Formation from the borehole ZKH1205 in the Jimunai Basin, the main types of source rock for the pyroclastic rocks deposited in the basin are identified and their implications for the Early Permian tectonic setting examined. The abundance of basalt and andesite lithic fragments in the pyroclastic rocks, together with the REE characteristics and the contents of transition and high field strength elements show that the source rocks were chiefly intermediate–basic volcanic rocks. High ICV values, low CIA values, low Rb/Sr ratios, low Th/U ratios and the mineralogical features suggest weak chemical weathering of the source rocks; the geochemical patterns of the pyroclastic rocks might not only have been impacted by crustal contamination but also might be related to the nature of the magma from the source area. The geochemical properties of the pyroclastic rocks distinguish them from arc-related ones, and such samples plot in the within-plate basalt(WPB) field in some diagrams. This is consistent with the formation background of the Early Permian volcanic rocks in this region.  相似文献   

成都市白垩系灌口组富膏盐红层溶蚀特征与机理     

韩浩东  王春山  王东辉  李鹏岳  李华  杨涛 《中国岩溶》2021,40(5):768-782

城市地下空间资源开发利用适宜性评价现状及发展趋势          下载免费PDF全文

李鹏岳  韩浩东  王东辉  王春山 《沉积与特提斯地质》2021,41(1):121-128

为进一步提高地下空间开发利用适宜性评价结果的可靠性和应用性,引导城市地下空间资源协同利用、合理开发,本文系统总结了国内外地下空间适宜性评价的现状,从城市地下空间资源开发适宜性评价指标体系、权重确定、评价模型及评价系统等方面论述了已取得的主要进展和成果。在此基础上,提出了未来适宜性评价的发展方向:建立三维立体化的评价体系,并将现代科技从底层融入评价系统,提高评价结果的可靠度;拓展评价结果的产品属性,满足不同阶段、不同用户实际需求,打造适宜性评价服务各级用户的新模式。  相似文献   

The Tibetan Plateau Surface–Atmosphere Coupling System and Its Weather and Climate Effects: The Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment     

Ping ZHAO  Yueqing LI  Xueliang GUO  Xiangde XU  Yimin LIU  Shihao TANG  Wenming XIAO  Chunxiang SHI  Yaoming MA  Xing YU  Huizhi LIU  La JIA  Yun CHEN  Yanju LIU  Jian LI  Dabiao LUO  Yunchang CAO  Xiangdong ZHENG  Junming CHEN  An XIAO  Fang YUAN  Donghui CHEN  Yang PANG  Zhiqun HU  Shengjun ZHANG  Lixin DONG  Juyang HU  Shuai HAN  Xiuji ZHOU 《Journal of Meteorological Research》2019,(3):375-399

The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is a key area affecting forecasts of weather and climate in China and occurrences of extreme weather and climate events over the world. The China Meteorological Administration, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly initiated the Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment(TIPEX-Ⅲ) in 2013, with an 8–10-yr implementation plan. Since its preliminary field measurements conducted in 2013, routine automatic sounding systems have been deployed at Shiquanhe, Gaize, and Shenzha stations in western TP, where no routine sounding observations were available previously. The observational networks for soil temperature and soil moisture in the central and western TP have also been established. Meanwhile, the plateau-scale and regional-scale boundary layer observations, cloud–precipitation microphysical observations with multiple radars and aircraft campaigns, and tropospheric–stratospheric air composition observations at multiple sites, were performed. The results so far show that the turbulent heat exchange coefficient and sensible heat flux are remarkably lower than the earlier estimations at grassland, meadow, and bare soil surfaces of the central and western TP. Climatologically, cumulus clouds over the main body of the TP might develop locally instead of originating from the cumulus clouds that propagate northward from South Asia. The TIPEX-Ⅲ observations up to now also reveal diurnal variations, macro-and microphysical characteristics, and water-phase transition mechanisms, of cumulus clouds at Naqu station. Moreover, TIPEX-Ⅲ related studies have proposed a maintenance mechanism responsible for the Asian "atmospheric water tower" and demonstrated the effects of the TP heating anomalies on African, Asian, and North American climates. Additionally, numerical modeling studies show that the Γ distribution of raindrop size is more suitable for depicting the TP raindrop characteristics compared to the M–P distribution, the overestimation of sensible heat flux can be reduced via modifying the heat transfer parameterization over the TP, and considering climatic signals in some key areas of the TP can improve the skill for rainfall forecast in the central and eastern parts of China. Furthermore, the TIPEX-Ⅲ has been promoting the technology in processing surface observations, soundings, and radar observations, improving the quality of satellite retrieved soil moisture and atmospheric water vapor content products as well as high-resolution gauge–radar–satellite merged rainfall products, and facilitating the meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and data sharing operations.  相似文献